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Comparison of Monte Carlo Simulation and Conversion Factor Based Method On Estimation of Effective Dose in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Interventional Cardiac Procedures
K Leung*, M Wong , Y Ng , S Lee , R Ming Chun Chau , F Lee , Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
Presentations
TU-H-CAMPUS-IeP1-3 (Tuesday, August 2, 2016) 4:30 PM - 5:00 PM Room: ePoster Theater
Purpose: Interventional cardiac procedures utilize frequent fluoroscopy and cineangiography, which impose considerable radiation risk to patients, especially pediatric patients. Accurate calculation of effective dose is important in order to estimate cancer risk over the rest of their lifetime. This study evaluates the difference in effective dose calculated by Monte Carlo simulation with those estimated by locally-derived conversion factors (CF-local) and by commonly quoted conversion factors from Karambatsakidou et al (CF-K).
Methods: Effective dose (E),of 12 pediatric patients, age between 2.5-19 years old, who had undergone interventional cardiac procedures, were calculated using PCXMC-2.0 software. Tube spectrum, irradiation geometry, exposure parameters and dose-area product (DAP) of each projection were included in the software calculation. Effective doses for each patient were also estimated by two methods: 1) CF-local: conversion factor derived locally by generalizing results of 12 patients, multiplied by DAP of each patient gives E-local. 2) CF-K: selected factor from above-mentioned literature, multiplied by DAP of each patient gives E-K.
Results: Mean of E, E-local and E-K were 16.01 mSv, 16.80 mSv and 22.25 mSv respectively. A deviation of -29.35% to +34.85% between E and E-local, while a greater deviation of -28.96% to +60.86% between E and E-K were observed. E-K overestimated the effective dose for patients at age 7.5-19.
Conclusion: Effective dose obtained by conversion factors is simple and quick to estimate radiation risk of pediatric patients. This study showed that estimation by CF-local may bear an error of 35% when compared with Monte Carlo calculation. If using conversion factors derived by other studies may result in an even greater error, of up to 60%, due to factors that are not catered for in the estimation, including patient size, projection angles, exposure parameters, tube filtration, etc. Users must be aware of these potential inaccuracies when simple conversion method is employed.
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