Question 1: Which of the following is not a way of Toyota production system?
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Reference: | Liker, Jeffrey K. (2004). The Toyota Way: 14 Management Principles from the World's Greatest Manufacturer. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-139231-0 |
Choice A: | Just in time. |
Choice B: | Continuous improvement. |
Choice C: | Mass production. |
Choice D: | Automation with human touch. |
Question 2: What does the project management triangle tell us about the three constraint variables - scope, time and cost?
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Reference: | Wyngaard CJV, Pretorius JHC, Pretorius L, editors. Theory of the triple constraint – A conceptual review. 2012 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management; 2012 10-13 Dec. 2012. |
Choice A: | Only one of the three constraints can be accomplished. |
Choice B: | One has to suffer so that the other two can be optimized. |
Choice C: | All three can be achieved. |
Choice D: | All three need to be compromised. |
Question 3: For time-constrained SRS/SBRT cases, which of the following constraints needs to be compromised?
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Reference: | This is an application of the “Just in time” principle of Toyota production system and the projection management triangle considering the clinical needs of SRS/SBRT treatments. |
Choice A: | Scope. |
Choice B: | Quality. |
Choice C: | Time. |
Choice D: | Speed. |
Question 4: The goals for optimizing the treatment planning process include:
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Reference: | MO-B-BRB-01: Optimize Treatment Planning Process in Clinical Environment W. Feng Med. Phys. 42, 3552 (2015
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Choice A: | Efficiency as indicated by planning turnaround time. |
Choice B: | Quality as indicated by isodose distributions and achieving dose constraints. |
Choice C: | Error proofing plans using a checklist for well-known errors. |
Choice D: | A and B. |
Choice E: | A, B and C. |
Question 5: What is the major delay between treatment planning steps:
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Reference: | N Bennion, J Driewer, K Jacobs, M Poole, R McMahon, K Wilson, K Denniston, W Zhen, A Yager and C Enke; SU-E-T-452: Identifying Inefficiencies in Radiation Oncology Workflow and Prioritizing Solutions for Process Improvement and Patient Safety; Med. Phys. 42, 3438 (2015)
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Choice A: | Intervals from simulation to target contour. |
Choice B: | Intervals from initial plan completion to plan approval. |
Choice C: | Intervals from target contour to plan creation. |
Choice D: | Intervals from plan approval to IMRT QA. |
Choice E: | A and B. |
Question 6: What is the functionality of Treatment Planning Dashboard:
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Reference: | 1. D DiCostanzo, S Thompson, J Woollard, N Gupta and A Ayan, MO-F-CAMPUS-T-02: An Electronic Whiteboard Platform to Manage Treatment Planning Process; Med. Phys. 42, 3572 (2015)
2. S Laub, M Dunn, G Galbreath, S Gans and M Pankuch; MO-D-213-01: Workflow Monitoring for a High Volume Radiation Oncology Center; Med. Phys. 42, 3553 (2015)
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Choice A: | Tracking plan status. |
Choice B: | Store process information. |
Choice C: | Streamline workflow. |
Choice D: | Improving patient safety by allowing more time for quality assurance processes. |
Choice E: | All of the above. |
Question 7: In a six-sigma process, ‘sigma’ refers to the ______ of the process:
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Reference: | Trusko BE, Pexton C, Harrington J, Gupta PK. Improving healthcare quality and cost with six sigma. 1st ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press; 2007 |
Choice A: | Average value. |
Choice B: | Tolerance range. |
Choice C: | Standard deviation. |
Choice D: | Defect rate. |
Choice E: | Number of defects. |
Question 8: The primary goal for implementing a Kaizen project in radiation medicine is to:
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Reference: | 1. Trusko BE, Pexton C, Harrington J, Gupta PK. Improving healthcare quality and cost with six sigma. 1st ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press; 2007.Kapur A, Potters L. Six Sigma tools for a patient safety-oriented, quality-checklist driven radiation medicine department. Pract. Radiat. Oncol. 2012, 2, 86-96. Kapur A, Riebling N, Galli BJ et al. Streamlining The Head And Neck Treatment Process In Radiation Medicine Using A Kaizen Approach. Int. J. Radiat. Onc. Biol. Phys. 2012:84(3S), S151
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Choice A: | Achieve a 6- sigma level of performance. |
Choice B: | Address an emerging problem with a quick turnaround time. |
Choice C: | Minimize defects and variability. |
Choice D: | Find long term solutions despite the level of difficulty in implementing solutions. |
Choice E: | Minimize wasteful steps using fault-tree mapping. |
Choice F: | Find the quickest solution by deploying Failure mode and effects analyses. |
Question 9: The following tools may be used in six-sigma projects in radiation medicine:
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Reference: | 1. Kapur A, Potters L. Six Sigma tools for a patient safety-oriented, quality-checklist driven radiation medicine department. Pract. Radiat. Oncol. 2012, 2, 86-96. Kapur A, Goode G, Riehl C, et al. Incident learning and failure-mode-and-effects-analysis guided safety initiatives in radiation medicine. Front Oncol. 2013, 3, 305. 3. Pawlicki T, Mundt AJ. Quality in radiation oncology. Med Phys. 2007, 34, 1529-1534.
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Choice A: | Process mapping. |
Choice B: | Root cause analyses. |
Choice C: | Failure mode and effects analyses. |
Choice D: | Control Charts. |
Choice E: | All of the above. |
Question 10: Six sigma projects that seek to optimize workflow in radiation medicine are usually most effective when:
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Reference: | 1. Trusko BE, Pexton C, Harrington J, Gupta PK. Improving healthcare quality and cost with six sigma. 1st ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press; 2007.
2. Kapur A, Potters L. Six Sigma tools for a patient safety-oriented, quality-checklist driven radiation medicine department. Pract. Radiat. Oncol. 2012, 2, 86-96.
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Choice A: | The ‘Analyze’ phase of the DMAIC project may be skipped. |
Choice B: | Ordinal data is available in the ‘Measure’ phase of the DMAIC project. |
Choice C: | Continuous data is available in the ‘Measure’ phase of the DMAIC project. |
Choice D: | The goals identified in the “Define’ phase have a broad scope. |
Choice E: | The ‘Improve’ phase of the DMAIC project does not require statistical tools. |
Choice F: | The ‘Control’ phase of the DMAIC project can be concluded in a short time period. |